Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates Recovered from Blood Cultures in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi
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Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current study was to find out the frequency of key bacterial isolates causing bloodstream infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern from a tertiary care hospital laboratory.
Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology Ziauddin Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. All 229 blood cultures were collected. The Blood and MacConkey agar plates were incubated aerobically while chocolate agar was incubated in capnophilic atmosphere (5-10°C CO2). Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by Modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller-Hinton-agar according to CLSI M100 30th edition recommendations. Data were entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.
Results: The average age of the patients was 55.17±18.33 years with 46.29% male and 53.71% female. The predominant bacterial isolate from blood culture was Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) i.e. 57.64%, followed by E.coli 19.6%. The most resistant antibiotic was Penicillin (86%) for CoNS and S. aureus and Co trimoxazole for S. pneumoniae. E.coli reported resistance for drugs like Ampicillin, Aztreonam, Cefixime and Ceftriaxone. For K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, the most resistant antibiotic was Co trimoxazole. The most effective antibiotics for CoNS and S. aureus were Linezolid, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin. For S. pneumoniae, Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol, Linezolid and Vancomycin were most sensitive. Colistin and Tigecyline were sensitive for E.coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumanii and P. aeruginosa.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the efficacy of Linezolid, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin was best for Gram-positive isolates while for Gram negative isolates, Colistin and Tigecycline acted effectively.
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