POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE IN SPONTANEOUS VERSUS INDUCED LABOR IN PRIMIGRAVIDA AT TERM
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the frequency of Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) in spontaneous Vs induced labor in Primigravidas at term.
Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, and Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. A total of 134 Primigravidas, were enrolled through non probability consecutive sampling after taking informed consent. PPH was noted for individual patients, who were grouped as those undergoing spontaneous labor and those entering labor after the process of induction with Misoprostol. All the data was entered and analyzed with the help of SPSS 21.
Results: The study was conducted on 134 primigravida women subjected to either spontaneous or induced labor. The mean age of the whole study sample was 27.5 + 4.8 years. The mean BMI of the whole study sample was 22.3 + 1.7kg/m2. The sample of 134 women, 59.7% (n=80) were having spontaneous labor while 40.3% (n=54) were induced using Misoprostol. The overall frequency of PPH was recorded in 26.9% (n=36) of the sample. When stratified with regards to the mode of labor onset, it was found that there is a significant increase in the frequency of PPH in Primigravidas with induced labour.
Conclusion: The frequency of PPH is significantly high in women who are subjected to induced labor as compared to spontaneous labor.
Article Details
Work published in JPMI is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic License.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
Baskett TF. Complications of third stage of labour. Essential management of ob-stetrical emergencies. 3rd edi. Bristol England: Clinical Press; 1999.
World Health Organization. WHO guide¬lines for the management of postpar¬tum haemorrhage and retained placen¬ta. WHO Press; 2009.
World Health Organization (WHO) rec¬ommendations for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. Switzerland: WHO press; 2012.
Habitamu D, Goshu YA, Zeleke LB. The magnitude and associated factors of postpartum hemorrhage among mothers who delivered at Debre Ta¬bor general hospital 2018. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):618. DOI:10.1186/ s13104-019-4646-9.
Lueth GD, Kebede A, Medhanyie AA. Prevalence, outcomes and associat¬ed factors of labor induction among women delivered at public hospitals of MEKELLE town-(a hospital based cross sectional study). BMC Pregnancy Child¬birth. 2020:9;20(1):203. DOI:10.1186/ s12884-020-02862-7.
Coulm B, Blondel B, Alexander S, Boul¬vain M, Le Ray C. Elective induction of labour and maternal request: a na¬ional population-based study. BJOG. 2016;123:2191-7.
Chang HH, Larson J, Blencowe H, Spong CY, Howson CP, Cairns Smith S, et al. Preventing preterm births: analysis of trends and potential reductions with interventions in 39 countries with very high human development index. Lan¬cet. 2013;381:223-34. DOI:10.1016/ S0140-6736(12)61856-X.
Epidemiology ANP, Unit S, AIHW. Nation¬al Core Maternity Indicators. 2013.
Khireddine I, Le Ray C, Dupont C, Rudigoz RC, Bouvier-Colle MH, De¬neux-Tharaux C. Induction of labor and risk of postpartum hemorrhage in low risk parturients. PLoS One. 2013;8:e54858. DOI:10.1371/journal. pone.0054858.
Phaneuf S, Rodríguez Liñares B, Tam¬byRaja RL, MacKenzie IZ, López Bernal A. Loss of myometrial oxytocin recep¬tors during oxytocin-induced and oxy¬tocin-augmented labour. J Reprod Fer¬til. 2000;120(1):91-7. DOI:10.1530/ jrf.0.1200091.
Zhang J, Yancey MK, Henderson CE. US national trends in labor induction, 1989–1998. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2002;57:498-9.
Hilder L, Zhichao Z, Parker M, Jahan S, Chambers G. Australia's mothers and babies. 2012.
Nippita TA, Trevena JA, Patterson JA, Ford JB, Morris JM, Roberts CL. Varia¬tion in hospital rates of induction of la¬bour: a population-based record linkage study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(9):e008755. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008755.
Webber J, Charlton M, Johns N. Diabetes in pregnancy: management of diabetes and its complications from preconcep¬tion to the postnatal period (NG3). Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis. 2015;15(3):107-11. DOI:10.15277/bjdvd.2015.029.
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 107: Induction of labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114(2 Pt 1):386-97. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0b013e¬3181b48ef5.
World Health Organization (WHO) rec¬ommendations for induction of labour, Geneva; 2011.
Dunne C, Da Silva O, Schmidt G, Na¬tale R. Outcomes of elective labour induction and elective caesarean sec¬tion in low-risk pregnancies between 37 and 41 weeks' gestation. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2009;31(12):1124-30. DOI:10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34372- 9.
Khireddine I, Le Ray C, Dupont C, Rudigoz RC, Bouvier-Colle MH, De¬neux-Tharaux C. Induction of labor and risk of postpartum hemorrhage in low risk parturients. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54858. DOI:10.1371/jour¬nal.pone.0054858.
Nyfløt LT, Sandven I, Stray-Peders¬en B, Pettersen S, Al-Zirqi I, Rosen¬berg M, Jacobsen AF, Vangen S. Risk factors for severe postpartum hem¬orrhage: a case-control study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):17. DOI:10.1186/s12884-016-1217-0.
Sheiner E, Sarid L, Levy A, Seidman DS, Hallak M. Obstetric risk factors and outcome of pregnancies complicated with early postpartum hemorrhage: a population-based study. J Matern Fe¬tal Neonatal Med. 2005;18(3):149-54. DOI:10.1080/14767050500170088.
Al-Zirqi I, Vangen S, Forsén L, Stray-Pedersen B. Effects of onset of labor and mode of delivery on severe postpartum hemorrhage. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(3):273.1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.06.007.
Hussain SS, Shafqat T. Frequency of Postpartum Haemorrhage in induced Versus Spontaneous Labour. Pak J Med Sci. 2014;8:659-61.
Khurshid S, Khurshid M, Khan F. Inci¬dence of Primary Postpartum Haem¬orrhage in Induced Versus Augmented Labour. A One Year Review at FMH. Emergency. 2014;36(14):33-8.
Al-Turiahi A M SAM, Abbas E A. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage after spontaneous and induced vaginal delivery versus elective and emergen¬cy caesarian section. Am J Biomed. 2016;4:81-90.
Guerra GV, Cecatti JG, Souza JP, Faúndes A, Morais SS, Gülmezoglu AM, et al. World Health Organisation 2005 Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health Research Group. Fac¬tors and outcomes associated with the induction of labour in Latin Amer¬ica. BJOG. 2009;116(13):1762-72. DOI:10.1111/j. 1471-0528.2009. 02348.x.