TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION IN PASHTO (3): WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION DISABILITY ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE 2.0

Abstract

Objective: To translate and validate the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) in Pashto.

Methodology: This study was conducted in Peshawar from July 2015 to January 2016 on 216 participants. The participants consisted of two groups; Students (n=111), and patients (n=105) with a mean age of 21.8 ± 5.6 years. Three bilingual experts, using forward-backward method, translated WHODAS 2.0 from English to Pashto. Both, English and Pashto version of WHODAS 2.0 were given to the participants separately. Pashto version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was also given to find out its correlation with WHODAS 2.0. The data were analysed using SPSS v. 20 and AMOS.

Results: The Pashto version of WHODAS 2.0, well discriminated between both groups of participants indicating that disability scores were significantly higher in patient group of participants as compared to students (t-value=-7.49 & p-value=0.000). The factorial validity of the Pashto version was found to be sufficient using factor analysis. The Cronbachs' alpha value of the Pashto version of WHODAS 2.0 was 0.92. Regarding concurrent validity, the result showed a significant positive correlation between English and Pashto version of WHODAS 2.0 (r = .825 and p value = .000) while there was a positive correlation between Pashto versions of WHODAS 2.0 and HADS (p=.000).

Conclusion: Pashto version of the WHODAS 2.0 is a reliable and valid measure of disability and can be used in community as well as clinical settings.